Athletic Nutrients

• Vitamin A

  1000 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin A

  Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble nutrient that enables normal vision, especially in dim light, and helps maintain immune defenses, skin and other epithelial tissues, growth, and reproduction. Supplementation can prevent or correct deficiency when intake or absorption is inadequate, benefiting visual, immune, and developmental health.

  • Supports maternal and breast-milk vitamin A status, particularly where baseline stores are low.
  • Supports hemoglobin response in some anemic or vitamin A-deficient populations, including when added to iron and folate.
  • Supports reducing bacterial-vaginosis incidence and prevalence during pregnancy and postpartum follow-up in a studied deficient setting.

  Top References

  • Efect of vitamin A suplementation: a systematic review.
  • Retinol-to-Fat Ratio and Retinol Concentration in Human Milk Show Similar Time Trends and Associations with Maternal Factors at the Population Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
  • Vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women.
  • Concomitant supplemental vitamin A enhances the response to weekly supplemental iron and folic acid in anemic teenagers in urban Bangladesh.
  • Weekly supplementation with iron and vitamin A during pregnancy increases hemoglobin concentration but decreases serum ferritin concentration in Indonesian pregnant women.
  • Maternal vitamin A and β-carotene supplementation and risk of bacterial vaginosis: a randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh.

• Vitamin C

  83 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin C

  Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble nutrient that supports collagen production, antioxidant defenses, and the normal function of immune cells. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, can improve absorption of plant-based iron, and may modestly shorten the duration of common colds when taken regularly.

  • Supports lower common-cold risk during brief periods of severe physical exercise or cold stress.
  • Supports circulating Vitamin C status across studied healthy and clinical populations.
  • Supports short-term blood-pressure and endothelial-function outcomes in studied adults.
  • Supports fasting-glucose and HbA1c outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes.

  Top References

  • Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold.
  • Effect of Dietary or Supplemental Vitamin C Intake on Vitamin C Levels in Patients with and without Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
  • High-dose vitamin C supplementation increases skeletal muscle vitamin C concentration and SVCT2 transporter expression but does not alter redox status in healthy males.
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Effect of vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effect of vitamin C on inflammation and metabolic markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults: a randomized controlled trial
  • Supplementation of Vitamin C Reduces Blood Glucose and Improves Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study

• Vitamin D(333 IU)

  8.3 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin D

  Vitamin D is a hormone-like nutrient that helps the body absorb calcium and maintain healthy bones and muscle function. Supplementation can reliably prevent or correct low vitamin D status, particularly when sun exposure is limited, while broader immune, cardiovascular, and metabolic benefits are less certain.

  • Supports bone-density and fracture- or fall-related outcomes.
  • Supports muscle-strength outcomes, including lower-limb strength.
  • Supports glycemic-marker and insulin-sensitivity outcomes in studied metabolic populations.
  • Supports respiratory-infection-risk outcomes across studied age groups.

  Top References

  • Effects of combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
  • Clinical review: The effect of vitamin D on falls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Gait and Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
  • The effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle power: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • What is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in people with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails
  • The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycaemic Control in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
  • The Role of Vitamin D Oral Supplementation in Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
  • Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
  • Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials.
  • Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

• Vitamin E

  22 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin E

  Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage and supports normal immune and nerve function. Supplementation is most useful for preventing or correcting deficiency, particularly when fat absorption is impaired; routine use has not shown broad protection against cardiovascular disease or cancer.

  • Supports improvement in liver histology in adults without diabetes who have biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
  • Supports lower CRP and malondialdehyde in studied adult populations, including people receiving hemodialysis.
  • Supports short-term improvements in fasting glucose and HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes.

  Top References

  • Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
  • The effect of vitamin E supplementation on selected inflammatory biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
  • The effects of vitamin E supplementation on malondialdehyde as a biomarker of oxidative stress in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • Effect of supplementation with tomato juice, vitamin E, and vitamin C on LDL oxidation and products of inflammatory activity in type 2 diabetes.
  • Antioxidant effects of vitamins in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

• Vitamin K

  33 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin K

  Vitamin K is an essential fat-soluble nutrient that activates proteins needed for normal blood clotting and bone mineralization. Supplements reliably prevent or correct deficiency and may support bone health when intake or absorption is inadequate; effects beyond this, including cardiovascular benefits, are less certain and can differ between K1 and K2 forms.

• Thiamine

  8 mg

  Ingredient research · Thiamine

  Thiamine is vitamin B1, an essential nutrient that helps convert carbohydrates into usable energy and supports normal nerve and heart function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, with particular relevance when absorption or intake is impaired, including in chronic heavy alcohol use.

  • Supports depression-treatment response when used alongside standard antidepressant treatment.

  Top References

  • Adjuvant thiamine improved standard treatment in patients with major depressive disorder: results from a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial

• Riboflavin(activated b2)

  11.1 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B2

  Vitamin B2 is riboflavin, an essential nutrient that helps enzymes release energy from food and supports normal red blood cell, skin, and nervous-system function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, and regular use can reduce migraine frequency and severity in some people.

  • Supports blood-pressure control in treated hypertensive adults with the MTHFR 677TT genotype.

  Top References

  • Riboflavin offers a targeted strategy for managing hypertension in patients with the MTHFR 677TT genotype: a 4-y follow-up.
  • Blood Pressure in Treated Hypertensive Individuals With the MTHFR 677TT Genotype Is Responsive to Intervention With Riboflavin: Findings of a Targeted Randomized Trial

• Niacin(67% niacinamide)

  25 mg

  Ingredient research · Niacin

  Niacin is vitamin B3, essential for enzymes that convert food into energy and support normal skin and nervous-system function. Supplementation prevents or corrects deficiency; in high-dose nicotinic acid form it can alter cholesterol and triglycerides, but this pharmacologic use is distinct from routine nutritional supplementation.

  • Supports favorable changes in selected cholesterol fractions, including LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol, in studied metabolic and diabetes populations.
  • Supports favorable fasting-triglyceride changes in studied adults with diabetes or metabolic dysregulation.

  Top References

  • Effectiveness of niacin supplementation for patients with type 2 diabetes
  • Effect of niacin on lipids and glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials.
  • Niacin induces miR-502-3p expression which impairs insulin sensitivity in human adipocytes
  • Postprandial triglyceride responses to aerobic exercise and extended-release niacin.

• Vitamin B6(40% Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate)

  6.65 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B6

  Vitamin B6 is an essential nutrient that helps enzymes process amino acids and supports neurotransmitter, hemoglobin, and immune function. Supplementation reliably corrects deficiency and can reduce nausea during pregnancy; outside these uses, it is most relevant when intake or absorption is inadequate.

  • Supports depressive-symptom measures in premenopausal women with hormone-related contexts.

  Top References

  • The role for vitamin B-6 as treatment for depression: a systematic review.
  • Vitamin B6 Supplementation Reduces Symptoms of Depression in College Women Taking Oral Contraceptives: A Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Trial

• Folate

  From 133 mcg L-5-Methyltetrahydrofolate

  222 mcg DFE

  Ingredient research · Folate

  Folate is vitamin B9, an essential nutrient needed for DNA synthesis, cell division, and healthy red blood cell formation. Supplementation is especially important before conception and in early pregnancy because adequate folate reliably reduces neural tube defect risk, and it can also correct folate-deficiency anemia.

  • Supports homocysteine measures in women with PCOS and adults with metabolic syndrome.
  • Supports insulin and beta-cell-function markers in women with PCOS or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
  • Supports selected lipid-panel and vascular markers in women with PCOS and adults with metabolic syndrome.
  • Supports selected inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers in PCOS, metabolic syndrome, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

  Top References

  • The effects of folate supplementation on inflammatory factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
  • Metabolic response to folate supplementation in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.
  • The Effects of Folate Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Metabolic Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
  • Effects of long-term folate supplementation on metabolic status and regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

• Vitamin B12

  333 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B12

  Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient needed for red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and normal nerve function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency—especially when intake or absorption is limited—and may improve anemia, fatigue, or neurologic symptoms caused by low B12, but is not a general energy booster when status is adequate.

  • Supports vitamin B12 status and responsive deficiency markers in low-status populations, including maternal and breast-milk status during pregnancy and early lactation.

  Top References

  • Studies of biomarker responses to intervention with vitamin B-12: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
  • A vitamin B-12 supplement of 500 μg/d for eight weeks does not normalize urinary methylmalonic acid or other biomarkers of vitamin B-12 status in elderly people with moderately poor vitamin B-12 status.
  • Vitamin B-12 supplementation during pregnancy and early lactation increases maternal, breast milk, and infant measures of vitamin B-12 status.

• Biotin

  266 mcg

  Ingredient research · Biotin

  Biotin is an essential B vitamin that helps enzymes process fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, but extra biotin has not been shown to improve hair, skin, or nails in most people who are not deficient, and high intakes can distort certain laboratory test results.

• Pantothenic Acid

  16.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B5

  Vitamin B5 is an essential nutrient used to make coenzyme A, a molecule central to releasing energy from food and building and breaking down fats. Supplementation prevents or corrects deficiency, but deficiency is uncommon and taking extra pantothenic acid has no clearly established benefit for most otherwise well-nourished people.

• Choline

  6.6 mg

  Ingredient research · Choline

  Choline is an essential nutrient used to build cell membranes, make the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and transport fat from the liver. Supplementation can help meet needs when dietary intake is low, with particular relevance during pregnancy and for supporting normal liver, muscle, and nervous-system function.

• Calcium

  66.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Calcium

  Calcium is an essential mineral that gives bones and teeth their structure and also enables muscle contraction and nerve signaling. Supplements are most useful for filling inadequate intake and, often alongside vitamin D, can help preserve bone mineral density and support fracture prevention in some higher-risk groups.

  • Supports bone-mineral-density outcomes in studied healthy children and older women.

  Top References

  • Effects of calcium supplementation on bone density in healthy children: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial

• Iodine

  66.5 mcg

  Ingredient research · Iodine

  Iodine is an essential mineral the thyroid uses to make hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects iodine deficiency and is especially important when needs rise during pregnancy for fetal brain development, but excess intake can also disturb thyroid function.

  • Supports selected micronutrient and thyroid-status markers in iodine-deficient adults.

  Top References

  • Iodine Supplementation of Mildly Iodine-Deficient Adults Lowers Thyroglobulin: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  • Iodine Supplementation Decreases Hypercholesterolemia in Iodine-Deficient, Overweight Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

• Magnesium

  66.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Magnesium

  Magnesium is an essential mineral that enables normal muscle and nerve function, energy production, heart rhythm, and bone maintenance. Supplements can correct low magnesium status and, depending on the formulation, may also help with constipation, muscle cramps, or migraine prevention in some people.

• Zinc

  5 mg

  Ingredient research · Zinc

  Zinc is an essential mineral needed for hundreds of enzymes, DNA and protein synthesis, immune defense, wound healing, and normal growth. Supplementation corrects low zinc status and helps restore these functions; certain zinc lozenges may also modestly shorten a common cold when used early, though this benefit depends on the formulation.

• Selenium

  66.5 mcg

  Ingredient research · Selenium

  Selenium is an essential trace mineral used to make antioxidant enzymes and regulate thyroid hormone activity, linking adequate intake to thyroid, immune, and reproductive function. Supplementation can correct low selenium status, but more is not necessarily better because excessive intake can be toxic.

  • Supports selected thyroid-autoantibody and TSH markers in studied people with autoimmune thyroiditis.
  • Supports selected antioxidant-defense biomarkers in studied metabolic, cardiovascular, and selenium-status populations.
  • Supports depression-symptom measures across a small selenium-specific randomized evidence base.

  Top References

  • Selenium Supplementation Significantly Reduces Thyroid Autoantibody Levels in Patients with Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
  • Effect of selenium on thyroid autoimmunity and regulatory T cells in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: A prospective randomized‐controlled trial
  • Effect of selenium supplementation on antioxidant markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  • The effect of selenium supplementation on coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Methods of assessment of selenium status in humans: a systematic review.
  • The role of selenium in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human observational and interventional studies

• Copper

  650 mcg

  Ingredient research · Copper

  Copper is an essential trace mineral used by enzymes that support iron metabolism, connective-tissue formation, energy production, antioxidant defense, and nervous and immune function. Supplementation can correct low copper status and related anemia or neurologic problems, but extra copper offers no established benefit when intake and status are adequate.

• Manganese

  650 mcg

  Ingredient research · Manganese

  Manganese is an essential trace mineral that activates enzymes involved in energy metabolism, connective-tissue and bone formation, and antioxidant defense. Supplementation can restore these functions when intake is inadequate or deficiency is present, but added manganese has no clear general benefit for people who already get enough.

• Chromium

  66.5 mcg

  Ingredient research · Chromium

  Chromium is a trace mineral thought to assist insulin action and the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Supplements are mainly used to improve blood sugar control, though benefits are usually modest or inconsistent outside rare deficiency; the trivalent chromium in supplements is distinct from toxic industrial hexavalent chromium.

• Potassium

  33 mg

  Ingredient research · Potassium

  Potassium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve signaling, and muscle contraction, including the heartbeat. Supplementation is most useful for preventing or correcting low potassium when intake is inadequate or losses are increased, while adequate potassium intake also contributes to healthy blood pressure.

  • Supports blood-pressure control, particularly in adults with hypertension and higher sodium or lower potassium intake.
  • Supports selected vascular-function responses after high-sodium meals in healthy adults.

  Top References

  • The effect of potassium supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • Effect of sodium and potassium supplementation on vascular and endothelial function: a randomized controlled trial.
  • Postprandial effects of potassium supplementation on vascular function and blood pressure: a randomised cross-over study.

• Boron

  650 mcg

  Ingredient research · Boron

  Boron is a trace element that may influence mineral metabolism and the actions of vitamin D and steroid hormones. Supplements are mainly considered for bone and joint health, but a distinct benefit in people with adequate diets has not been firmly established.

• Vanadium

  33 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vanadium

  Vanadium is a trace metal with no confirmed essential role in human nutrition. Its insulin-like activity has prompted supplements aimed at blood sugar control and sometimes athletic performance, but meaningful human benefits remain unproven; higher supplemental exposure can cause gastrointestinal and kidney toxicity.

• Proprietary Mixed Carotenoid Blend

  160 mcg

• Inositol

  16.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Inositol

  Inositol is a vitamin-like carbohydrate that helps form cell membranes and relay insulin and other cellular signals. Supplementation, most often with myo-inositol or D-chiro-inositol, may improve insulin sensitivity and support more regular ovulation and menstrual cycles in people with polycystic ovary syndrome; effects can depend on the form and context.

  • Supports triglyceride markers.
  • Supports pregnancy-induced-hypertension incidence.

  Top References

  • Effects of myo-inositol supplementation in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome: a perspective, randomized, placebo-controlled study
  • Myo-inositol supplementation to prevent gestational diabetes in overweight non-obese women: bioelectrical impedance analysis, metabolic aspects, obstetric and neonatal outcomes – a randomized and open-label, placebo-controlled clinical trial

• EnergizeATP Factors

  • Creatine Monohydrate

    250 mg

    Ingredient research · Creatine Monohydrate

    Creatine Monohydrate increases muscle phosphocreatine stores, helping regenerate rapid cellular energy during intense effort. As the best-studied supplemental form of creatine, it reliably improves strength, power, and training-driven gains in lean mass, while possible cognitive benefits appear more context-dependent.

    • Supports muscle-strength and force-production outcomes.
    • Supports power, sprint, and other explosive-performance outcomes.
    • Supports lean-mass and body-composition outcomes.
    • Supports working-memory and cognitive-function outcomes.

    Top References

    • Creatine but not betaine supplementation increases muscle phosphorylcreatine content and strength performance
    • Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on neuromuscular function.
    • The Effect of Prior Creatine Intake for 28 Days on Accelerated Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
    • Creatine monohydrate supplementation on lower-limb muscle power in Brazilian elite soccer players
    • Effects of creatine supplementation on body composition, strength, and sprint performance.
    • Benefits of Creatine Supplementation for Vegetarians Compared to Omnivorous Athletes: A Systematic Review

  • Coenzyme Q-10

    16.5 mg

    Ingredient research · CoQ10

    CoQ10 is a vitamin-like compound that helps mitochondria make cellular energy and also acts as an antioxidant. Supplements can modestly improve symptoms and exercise capacity in some people with heart failure, and may help prevent migraines or ease statin-associated muscle symptoms, though these uses are less consistent.

    • Supports fatigue-related symptom outcomes.
    • Supports migraine frequency, duration, and severity outcomes.
    • Supports blood-glucose and insulin-related markers.
    • Supports heart-failure functional-class and hospitalization outcomes.
    • Supports sperm count, motility, morphology, and fertility-related outcomes.

    Top References

    • Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation for Reducing Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
    • Coenzyme Q10 supplementation reduces peripheral oxidative stress and inflammation in interferon-β1a-treated multiple sclerosis
    • Oral coenzyme Q10 supplementation in patients with migraine: Effects on clinical features and inflammatory markers
    • Effectiveness of coenzyme Q10 in prophylactic treatment of migraine headache: an open-label, add-on, controlled trial
    • Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    • Hormonal and Metabolic Effects of Coenzyme Q10 and/or Vitamin E in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
    • Coenzyme Q10 for heart failure.
    • Effect of coenzyme Q10 therapy in patients with congestive heart failure: a long-term multicenter randomized study
    • Randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of coenzyme Q10 therapy in class II and III systolic heart failure
    • Nutritional modifications in male infertility: a systematic review covering 2 decades.
    • The effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on partner pregnancy rate in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: an open-label prospective study

  • Alpha Ketoglutarate

    16.5 mg

    Ingredient research · Alpha-Ketoglutarate

    Alpha-Ketoglutarate is a naturally occurring metabolic intermediate that links cellular energy production with amino-acid and nitrogen metabolism. Supplements are considered for exercise recovery, muscle maintenance, and healthy aging, but human evidence for these outcomes remains limited, particularly for the standalone compound rather than specific salts or combinations.

• MuscleRestore Complex

  • N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine(free-form)

    50 mg

    Ingredient research · NAC

    NAC is a cysteine derivative that helps replenish glutathione, a major cellular antioxidant, and also thins mucus by breaking bonds in its proteins. As a supplement, it may support antioxidant defenses and respiratory health; acetylcysteine also has established medical uses as a mucolytic and as an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning.

    • Supports glutathione and antioxidant-defense measures.
    • Supports depressive symptoms and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
    • Supports cannabis-use, craving, and abstinence outcomes.
    • Evidence supports kidney-function and injury-marker outcomes in clinical treatment settings.
    • Supports hearing-loss and ototoxicity outcomes in noise- and medication-exposure settings.

    Top References

    • N-Acetylcysteine effects on glutathione and glutamate in schizophrenia: A preliminary MRS study
    • Oral N-acetylcysteine reduces plasma homocysteine concentrations regardless of lipid or smoking status.
    • N‐acetylcysteine prevents glutathione decrease and does not interfere with paracetamol antinociceptive effect at therapeutic dosage: a randomized double‐blind controlled trial in healthy subjects
    • Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials with N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of schizophrenia
    • N‐acetylcysteine for depression and glutamate changes in the left prefrontal cortex in adolescents and young adults at risk for bipolar disorder: A pilot study
    • N-acetyl cysteine in the treatment of cannabis use disorder: A systematic review of clinical trials.
    • A double-blind randomized controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine in cannabis-dependent adolescents.
    • N-acetylcysteine for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency or diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • A double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial of N-acetylcysteine for preventing amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of N-acetylcysteine in preventing aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity: implications for the treatment of multidrug-resistant TB
    • Protective effects of vitamins/antioxidants on occupational noise‐induced hearing loss: A systematic review
    • Efficacy and safety of N-acetylcysteine in prevention of noise induced hearing loss: A randomized clinical trial

  • Alpha Lipoic Acid

    33 mg

    Ingredient research · Alpha-Lipoic Acid

    Alpha-Lipoic Acid is a sulfur-containing compound that helps mitochondrial enzymes turn nutrients into energy and can also regenerate antioxidants. As a supplement, it may ease pain, burning, or numbness from diabetic peripheral neuropathy, while proposed benefits for blood sugar control and other oxidative-stress-related conditions are less certain.

    • Supports selected glucose, HbA1c, and fasting-insulin markers, especially in adults with metabolic conditions.
    • Supports total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride markers in adults.
    • Supports body-weight, body-mass-index, and waist-circumference measures in adults.
    • Supports endothelial-function and blood-flow measures in adults with vascular or metabolic risk.
    • Supports selected peripheral-neuropathy symptoms in adults receiving paclitaxel or living with diabetic neuropathy.

    Top References

    • The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on glucose control and lipid profiles among patients with metabolic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    • An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the effects of α-lipoic acid supplementation on glycemic markers in adults.
    • Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation effect on glycemic and inflammatory biomarkers: A Systematic Review and meta- analysis.
    • Effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.
    • Alpha-lipoic acid supplement in obesity treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
    • Role of alpha-lipoic acid in vascular function: A systematic review of human intervention studies
    • Role of alpha-lipoic acid in counteracting paclitaxel- and doxorubicin-induced toxicities: a randomized controlled trial in breast cancer patients
    • Therapeutic effects of dietary antioxidative supplements on the management of type 2 diabetes and its complications; umbrella review of observational/trials meta-analysis studies

  • L-Carnosine

    16.5 mg

    Ingredient research · Carnosine

    Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide concentrated in muscle and nervous tissue, where it helps buffer acidity and reactive compounds. Its properties motivate supplementation for high-intensity exercise and healthy aging, but oral carnosine is rapidly broken down and has not shown the reliable performance effect seen when muscle carnosine is raised with beta-alanine.

    • Supports blood-glucose, insulin, and HbA1c markers.
    • Supports selected kidney-injury and albuminuria markers in diabetic nephropathy.
    • Supports selected sleep-duration, parasomnia, and total sleep-disturbance measures in autistic children.

    Top References

    • Effects of carnosine supplementation on glucose metabolism: Pilot clinical trial
    • l-Carnosine supplementation attenuated fasting glucose, triglycerides, advanced glycation end products, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.
    • The effect of 12 weeks carnosine supplementation on renal functional integrity and oxidative stress in pediatric patients with diabetic nephropathy: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial
    • Effect of Oral carnosine supplementation on urinary TGF-β in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial
    • Effects of l‐Carnosine Supplementation on Sleep Disorders and Disease Severity in Autistic Children: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

• PowerProtect Antioxidants

  • PowerGrape

    66.5 mg

• SuperFruit Antioxidant Blend

  20 mg

  • Acai

    Ingredient research · Acai Berry

    Acai Berry is a dark-purple fruit rich in anthocyanins and other polyphenols, usually supplemented as powders or extracts for its antioxidant appeal. Although it may influence short-term markers of oxidative stress or metabolism, meaningful benefits for weight management, cardiovascular health, or immune function remain uncertain.

  • Pomegranate

    Ingredient research · Pomegranate

    Pomegranate is a polyphenol-rich fruit used in supplements, typically as juice concentrates or extracts, for its antioxidant and vascular effects. Pomegranate may modestly support blood pressure and blood-vessel function, with possible relevance to exercise recovery and metabolic health, though benefits depend on the preparation.

  • Acerola

    Ingredient research · Acerola

    Acerola is a vitamin C–rich tropical fruit used in powders and extracts as a concentrated source of this essential antioxidant nutrient. Its clearest supplementation value is helping meet vitamin C needs, supporting collagen formation and normal immune function; other fruit compounds may add antioxidant activity, but distinct benefits are less established.

  • Quercetin

    Ingredient research · Quercetin

    Quercetin is a plant flavonoid with antioxidant and inflammation-modulating activity, commonly taken for immune, cardiovascular, and allergy-related support. Human benefits appear modest and context-dependent: it may slightly improve blood pressure and some inflammatory markers, while its usefulness for preventing infections or relieving allergy symptoms remains uncertain.

    • Supports LDL and total-cholesterol markers in adults with metabolic disorders.
    • Supports selected insulin-sensitivity and adipokine markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
    • Supports disease-activity and joint-symptom measures in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
    • Supports neuromuscular recovery and selected muscle-damage markers after eccentric exercise.

    Top References

    • The effects of quercetin supplementation on lipid profiles and inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Effects of Quercetin on Adiponectin-Mediated Insulin Sensitivity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Clinical Trial
    • The effects of quercetin supplementation on metabolic and hormonal parameters as well as plasma concentration and gene expression of resistin in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • The Effect of Quercetin on Inflammatory Factors and Clinical Symptoms in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
    • The Effects of Quercetin Supplementation on Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
    • Quercetin Supplementation Improves Neuromuscular Function Recovery from Muscle Damage

• Green Tea Leaf Extract(70% epigallocatechin gallate, decaffeinated)

  16.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Green Tea Leaf Extract

  Green Tea Leaf Extract concentrates tea catechins, often alongside caffeine, and is mainly used for modest support of weight management and cardiometabolic health through effects on energy expenditure and fat metabolism. Its composition varies, and concentrated extracts are not equivalent to drinking green tea; some products have been linked to liver injury.

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