PureLean Pure Pack

• Calories

  10 Calories

• Total Fat

  1 Gram

• Cholesterol

  5 mg

• Vitamin A(Vitamin A (Form: as Beta Carotene))

  1125 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin A

  Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble nutrient that enables normal vision, especially in dim light, and helps maintain immune defenses, skin and other epithelial tissues, growth, and reproduction. Supplementation can prevent or correct deficiency when intake or absorption is inadequate, benefiting visual, immune, and developmental health.

  • Supports maternal and breast-milk vitamin A status, particularly where baseline stores are low.
  • Supports hemoglobin response in some anemic or vitamin A-deficient populations, including when added to iron and folate.
  • Supports reducing bacterial-vaginosis incidence and prevalence during pregnancy and postpartum follow-up in a studied deficient setting.

  Top References

  • Efect of vitamin A suplementation: a systematic review.
  • Retinol-to-Fat Ratio and Retinol Concentration in Human Milk Show Similar Time Trends and Associations with Maternal Factors at the Population Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
  • Vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women.
  • Concomitant supplemental vitamin A enhances the response to weekly supplemental iron and folic acid in anemic teenagers in urban Bangladesh.
  • Weekly supplementation with iron and vitamin A during pregnancy increases hemoglobin concentration but decreases serum ferritin concentration in Indonesian pregnant women.
  • Maternal vitamin A and β-carotene supplementation and risk of bacterial vaginosis: a randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh.

• Vitamin C(Vitamin C (Form: as 50% PureWay-C) (Alt. Name: Ascorbic Acid))

  250 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin C

  Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble nutrient that supports collagen production, antioxidant defenses, and the normal function of immune cells. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, can improve absorption of plant-based iron, and may modestly shorten the duration of common colds when taken regularly.

  • Supports lower common-cold risk during brief periods of severe physical exercise or cold stress.
  • Supports circulating Vitamin C status across studied healthy and clinical populations.
  • Supports short-term blood-pressure and endothelial-function outcomes in studied adults.
  • Supports fasting-glucose and HbA1c outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes.

  Top References

  • Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold.
  • Effect of Dietary or Supplemental Vitamin C Intake on Vitamin C Levels in Patients with and without Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
  • High-dose vitamin C supplementation increases skeletal muscle vitamin C concentration and SVCT2 transporter expression but does not alter redox status in healthy males.
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Effect of vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effect of vitamin C on inflammation and metabolic markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults: a randomized controlled trial
  • Supplementation of Vitamin C Reduces Blood Glucose and Improves Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study

• Vitamin D(Vitamin D (Form: as Cholecalciferol (Alt. Name: D3)) Note: 1,000 IU)

  25 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin D

  Vitamin D is a hormone-like nutrient that helps the body absorb calcium and maintain healthy bones and muscle function. Supplementation can reliably prevent or correct low vitamin D status, particularly when sun exposure is limited, while broader immune, cardiovascular, and metabolic benefits are less certain.

  • Supports bone-density and fracture- or fall-related outcomes.
  • Supports muscle-strength outcomes, including lower-limb strength.
  • Supports glycemic-marker and insulin-sensitivity outcomes in studied metabolic populations.
  • Supports respiratory-infection-risk outcomes across studied age groups.

  Top References

  • Effects of combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
  • Clinical review: The effect of vitamin D on falls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Gait and Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
  • The effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle power: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • What is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in people with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails
  • The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycaemic Control in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
  • The Role of Vitamin D Oral Supplementation in Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
  • Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
  • Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials.
  • Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

• Vitamin E(Vitamin E (Form: as D-Alpha Tocopherol Succinate, and natural Tocopherols))

  34 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin E

  Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage and supports normal immune and nerve function. Supplementation is most useful for preventing or correcting deficiency, particularly when fat absorption is impaired; routine use has not shown broad protection against cardiovascular disease or cancer.

  • Supports improvement in liver histology in adults without diabetes who have biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
  • Supports lower CRP and malondialdehyde in studied adult populations, including people receiving hemodialysis.
  • Supports short-term improvements in fasting glucose and HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes.

  Top References

  • Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
  • The effect of vitamin E supplementation on selected inflammatory biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
  • The effects of vitamin E supplementation on malondialdehyde as a biomarker of oxidative stress in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • Effect of supplementation with tomato juice, vitamin E, and vitamin C on LDL oxidation and products of inflammatory activity in type 2 diabetes.
  • Antioxidant effects of vitamins in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

• Vitamin K(Vitamin K (Form: as Vitamin K1))

  50 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin K

  Vitamin K is an essential fat-soluble nutrient that activates proteins needed for normal blood clotting and bone mineralization. Supplements reliably prevent or correct deficiency and may support bone health when intake or absorption is inadequate; effects beyond this, including cardiovascular benefits, are less certain and can differ between K1 and K2 forms.

• Thiamine(Thiamin (Form: as Thiamin HCl) (Alt. Name: B1))

  12.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Thiamine

  Thiamine is vitamin B1, an essential nutrient that helps convert carbohydrates into usable energy and supports normal nerve and heart function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, with particular relevance when absorption or intake is impaired, including in chronic heavy alcohol use.

  • Supports depression-treatment response when used alongside standard antidepressant treatment.

  Top References

  • Adjuvant thiamine improved standard treatment in patients with major depressive disorder: results from a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial

• Riboflavin(Riboflavin (Form: as 28% Riboflavin 5' Phosphate (Form: activated B2)) (Alt. Name: Vitamin B2))

  17.35 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B2

  Vitamin B2 is riboflavin, an essential nutrient that helps enzymes release energy from food and supports normal red blood cell, skin, and nervous-system function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, and regular use can reduce migraine frequency and severity in some people.

  • Supports blood-pressure control in treated hypertensive adults with the MTHFR 677TT genotype.

  Top References

  • Riboflavin offers a targeted strategy for managing hypertension in patients with the MTHFR 677TT genotype: a 4-y follow-up.
  • Blood Pressure in Treated Hypertensive Individuals With the MTHFR 677TT Genotype Is Responsive to Intervention With Riboflavin: Findings of a Targeted Randomized Trial

• Niacin(Niacin (Form: as Niacin, and 67% Niacinamide))

  37.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Niacin

  Niacin is vitamin B3, essential for enzymes that convert food into energy and support normal skin and nervous-system function. Supplementation prevents or corrects deficiency; in high-dose nicotinic acid form it can alter cholesterol and triglycerides, but this pharmacologic use is distinct from routine nutritional supplementation.

  • Supports favorable changes in selected cholesterol fractions, including LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol, in studied metabolic and diabetes populations.
  • Supports favorable fasting-triglyceride changes in studied adults with diabetes or metabolic dysregulation.

  Top References

  • Effectiveness of niacin supplementation for patients with type 2 diabetes
  • Effect of niacin on lipids and glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials.
  • Niacin induces miR-502-3p expression which impairs insulin sensitivity in human adipocytes
  • Postprandial triglyceride responses to aerobic exercise and extended-release niacin.

• Vitamin B6(Vitamin B6 (Form: as Pyridoxine HCl, and 40% Pyridoxal 5' Phosphate (Form: activated B6)))

  10.4 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B6

  Vitamin B6 is an essential nutrient that helps enzymes process amino acids and supports neurotransmitter, hemoglobin, and immune function. Supplementation reliably corrects deficiency and can reduce nausea during pregnancy; outside these uses, it is most relevant when intake or absorption is inadequate.

  • Supports depressive-symptom measures in premenopausal women with hormone-related contexts.

  Top References

  • The role for vitamin B-6 as treatment for depression: a systematic review.
  • Vitamin B6 Supplementation Reduces Symptoms of Depression in College Women Taking Oral Contraceptives: A Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Trial

• Folate(Folate (Form: as Metafolin (Form: L-5-MTHF)))

  From 400 mcg L-5-MTHF

  667 mcg DFE

  Ingredient research · Folate

  Folate is vitamin B9, an essential nutrient needed for DNA synthesis, cell division, and healthy red blood cell formation. Supplementation is especially important before conception and in early pregnancy because adequate folate reliably reduces neural tube defect risk, and it can also correct folate-deficiency anemia.

  • Supports homocysteine measures in women with PCOS and adults with metabolic syndrome.
  • Supports insulin and beta-cell-function markers in women with PCOS or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
  • Supports selected lipid-panel and vascular markers in women with PCOS and adults with metabolic syndrome.
  • Supports selected inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers in PCOS, metabolic syndrome, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

  Top References

  • The effects of folate supplementation on inflammatory factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
  • Metabolic response to folate supplementation in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.
  • The Effects of Folate Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Metabolic Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
  • Effects of long-term folate supplementation on metabolic status and regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

• Vitamin B12(Vitamin B12 (Form: as Methylcobalamin))

  250 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B12

  Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient needed for red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and normal nerve function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency—especially when intake or absorption is limited—and may improve anemia, fatigue, or neurologic symptoms caused by low B12, but is not a general energy booster when status is adequate.

  • Supports vitamin B12 status and responsive deficiency markers in low-status populations, including maternal and breast-milk status during pregnancy and early lactation.

  Top References

  • Studies of biomarker responses to intervention with vitamin B-12: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
  • A vitamin B-12 supplement of 500 μg/d for eight weeks does not normalize urinary methylmalonic acid or other biomarkers of vitamin B-12 status in elderly people with moderately poor vitamin B-12 status.
  • Vitamin B-12 supplementation during pregnancy and early lactation increases maternal, breast milk, and infant measures of vitamin B-12 status.

• Biotin

  1.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Biotin

  Biotin is an essential B vitamin that helps enzymes process fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, but extra biotin has not been shown to improve hair, skin, or nails in most people who are not deficient, and high intakes can distort certain laboratory test results.

• Pantothenic Acid(Pantothenic Acid (Form: as Calcium Pantothenate) (Alt. Name: B5))

  25 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B5

  Vitamin B5 is an essential nutrient used to make coenzyme A, a molecule central to releasing energy from food and building and breaking down fats. Supplementation prevents or corrects deficiency, but deficiency is uncommon and taking extra pantothenic acid has no clearly established benefit for most otherwise well-nourished people.

• Choline(Choline (Form: as Choline Bitartrate))

  20 mg

  Ingredient research · Choline

  Choline is an essential nutrient used to build cell membranes, make the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and transport fat from the liver. Supplementation can help meet needs when dietary intake is low, with particular relevance during pregnancy and for supporting normal liver, muscle, and nervous-system function.

• Calcium(Calcium (Form: as Calcium Citrate))

  75 mg

  Ingredient research · Calcium

  Calcium is an essential mineral that gives bones and teeth their structure and also enables muscle contraction and nerve signaling. Supplements are most useful for filling inadequate intake and, often alongside vitamin D, can help preserve bone mineral density and support fracture prevention in some higher-risk groups.

  • Supports bone-mineral-density outcomes in studied healthy children and older women.

  Top References

  • Effects of calcium supplementation on bone density in healthy children: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial

• Iodine(Iodine (Form: as Potassium Iodide))

  100 mcg

  Ingredient research · Iodine

  Iodine is an essential mineral the thyroid uses to make hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects iodine deficiency and is especially important when needs rise during pregnancy for fetal brain development, but excess intake can also disturb thyroid function.

  • Supports selected micronutrient and thyroid-status markers in iodine-deficient adults.

  Top References

  • Iodine Supplementation of Mildly Iodine-Deficient Adults Lowers Thyroglobulin: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  • Iodine Supplementation Decreases Hypercholesterolemia in Iodine-Deficient, Overweight Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

• Magnesium(Magnesium (Form: as Magnesium Citrate, and 62% Magnesium Glycinate))

  195 mg

  Ingredient research · Magnesium

  Magnesium is an essential mineral that enables normal muscle and nerve function, energy production, heart rhythm, and bone maintenance. Supplements can correct low magnesium status and, depending on the formulation, may also help with constipation, muscle cramps, or migraine prevention in some people.

• Zinc(Zinc (Form: as Zinc Citrate))

  7.5 mg

  Ingredient research · Zinc

  Zinc is an essential mineral needed for hundreds of enzymes, DNA and protein synthesis, immune defense, wound healing, and normal growth. Supplementation corrects low zinc status and helps restore these functions; certain zinc lozenges may also modestly shorten a common cold when used early, though this benefit depends on the formulation.

• Selenium(Selenium (Form: as Selenomethionine))

  35 mcg

  Ingredient research · Selenium

  Selenium is an essential trace mineral used to make antioxidant enzymes and regulate thyroid hormone activity, linking adequate intake to thyroid, immune, and reproductive function. Supplementation can correct low selenium status, but more is not necessarily better because excessive intake can be toxic.

  • Supports selected thyroid-autoantibody and TSH markers in studied people with autoimmune thyroiditis.
  • Supports selected antioxidant-defense biomarkers in studied metabolic, cardiovascular, and selenium-status populations.
  • Supports depression-symptom measures across a small selenium-specific randomized evidence base.

  Top References

  • Selenium Supplementation Significantly Reduces Thyroid Autoantibody Levels in Patients with Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
  • Effect of selenium on thyroid autoimmunity and regulatory T cells in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: A prospective randomized‐controlled trial
  • Effect of selenium supplementation on antioxidant markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  • The effect of selenium supplementation on coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Methods of assessment of selenium status in humans: a systematic review.
  • The role of selenium in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human observational and interventional studies

• Copper(Copper (Form: as Copper Glycinate))

  1 mg

  Ingredient research · Copper

  Copper is an essential trace mineral used by enzymes that support iron metabolism, connective-tissue formation, energy production, antioxidant defense, and nervous and immune function. Supplementation can correct low copper status and related anemia or neurologic problems, but extra copper offers no established benefit when intake and status are adequate.

• Manganese(Manganese (Form: as Manganese Citrate))

  1 mg

  Ingredient research · Manganese

  Manganese is an essential trace mineral that activates enzymes involved in energy metabolism, connective-tissue and bone formation, and antioxidant defense. Supplementation can restore these functions when intake is inadequate or deficiency is present, but added manganese has no clear general benefit for people who already get enough.

• Chromium(Chromium (Form: as Chromemate Chromium Polynicotinate, and 50% Zychrome Chromium Dinicocysteinate))

  200 mcg

  Ingredient research · Chromium

  Chromium is a trace mineral thought to assist insulin action and the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Supplements are mainly used to improve blood sugar control, though benefits are usually modest or inconsistent outside rare deficiency; the trivalent chromium in supplements is distinct from toxic industrial hexavalent chromium.

• Potassium(Potassium (Form: as Potassium Citrate))

  50 mg

  Ingredient research · Potassium

  Potassium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve signaling, and muscle contraction, including the heartbeat. Supplementation is most useful for preventing or correcting low potassium when intake is inadequate or losses are increased, while adequate potassium intake also contributes to healthy blood pressure.

  • Supports blood-pressure control, particularly in adults with hypertension and higher sodium or lower potassium intake.
  • Supports selected vascular-function responses after high-sodium meals in healthy adults.

  Top References

  • The effect of potassium supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • Effect of sodium and potassium supplementation on vascular and endothelial function: a randomized controlled trial.
  • Postprandial effects of potassium supplementation on vascular function and blood pressure: a randomised cross-over study.

• Boron Glycinate(Boron (Form: as Boron Glycinate))

  1 mg

  Ingredient research · Boron Glycinate

  Boron Glycinate is a chelated form of boron, a trace element that influences mineral metabolism and interacts with vitamin D and sex hormones. Supplements are mainly considered for bone and joint health, but clear benefits in people with adequate intake—and any special advantage of the glycinate form—remain uncertain.

• Vanadium(Vanadium (Form: as Bis-Glycinato Oxo Vanadium))

  50 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vanadium

  Vanadium is a trace metal with no confirmed essential role in human nutrition. Its insulin-like activity has prompted supplements aimed at blood sugar control and sometimes athletic performance, but meaningful human benefits remain unproven; higher supplemental exposure can cause gastrointestinal and kidney toxicity.

• Proprietary Mixed Carotenoid Blend(Proprietary Mixed Carotenoid Blend Note: as)

  212 mcg

  • Lutein

    Ingredient research · Lutein

    Lutein is a carotenoid that accumulates in the retina’s macula, where it helps filter high-energy light and protect tissue from oxidative stress. Supplementation can increase macular pigment and may support visual function, with greatest clinical relevance alongside other nutrients in formulations used for age-related macular degeneration.

    • Supports macular pigment density and selected contrast, glare, and retinal-sensitivity measures.
    • Supports attenuation of selected UV-induced skin-response markers in healthy adults.

    Top References

    • Clinical Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Lutein with High Bio-Accessibility on Macular Pigment Optical Density and Contrast Sensitivity: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Parallel-Group Comparison Trial
    • Changes following supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin in retinal function in eyes with early age-related macular degeneration: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Molecular evidence that oral supplementation with lycopene or lutein protects human skin against ultraviolet radiation: results from a double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, crossover study

  • Lycopene

    Ingredient research · Lycopene

    Lycopene is a red carotenoid pigment with antioxidant properties that, unlike some carotenoids, does not convert to vitamin A. Supplements are used mainly for prostate and cardiovascular health, with possible modest benefits for blood pressure, blood lipids, and the skin’s resistance to UV-related redness.

  • Zeaxanthin

    Ingredient research · Zeaxanthin

    Zeaxanthin is a carotenoid that accumulates in the macula, where it helps filter high-energy blue light and protect retinal tissue from oxidative stress. Supplementation can increase macular pigment and may support visual function and long-term eye health, particularly when dietary intake is low.

• Inositol

  62 mg

  Ingredient research · Inositol

  Inositol is a vitamin-like carbohydrate that helps form cell membranes and relay insulin and other cellular signals. Supplementation, most often with myo-inositol or D-chiro-inositol, may improve insulin sensitivity and support more regular ovulation and menstrual cycles in people with polycystic ovary syndrome; effects can depend on the form and context.

  • Supports triglyceride markers.
  • Supports pregnancy-induced-hypertension incidence.

  Top References

  • Effects of myo-inositol supplementation in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome: a perspective, randomized, placebo-controlled study
  • Myo-inositol supplementation to prevent gestational diabetes in overweight non-obese women: bioelectrical impedance analysis, metabolic aspects, obstetric and neonatal outcomes – a randomized and open-label, placebo-controlled clinical trial

• FloraGLO Lutein

  3 mg

• Zeaxanthin

  500 mcg

  Ingredient research · Zeaxanthin

  Zeaxanthin is a carotenoid that accumulates in the macula, where it helps filter high-energy blue light and protect retinal tissue from oxidative stress. Supplementation can increase macular pigment and may support visual function and long-term eye health, particularly when dietary intake is low.

• Alpha Lipoic Acid

  350 mg

  Ingredient research · Alpha-Lipoic Acid

  Alpha-Lipoic Acid is a sulfur-containing compound that helps mitochondrial enzymes turn nutrients into energy and can also regenerate antioxidants. As a supplement, it may ease pain, burning, or numbness from diabetic peripheral neuropathy, while proposed benefits for blood sugar control and other oxidative-stress-related conditions are less certain.

  • Supports selected glucose, HbA1c, and fasting-insulin markers, especially in adults with metabolic conditions.
  • Supports total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride markers in adults.
  • Supports body-weight, body-mass-index, and waist-circumference measures in adults.
  • Supports endothelial-function and blood-flow measures in adults with vascular or metabolic risk.
  • Supports selected peripheral-neuropathy symptoms in adults receiving paclitaxel or living with diabetic neuropathy.

  Top References

  • The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on glucose control and lipid profiles among patients with metabolic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the effects of α-lipoic acid supplementation on glycemic markers in adults.
  • Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation effect on glycemic and inflammatory biomarkers: A Systematic Review and meta- analysis.
  • Effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.
  • Alpha-lipoic acid supplement in obesity treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
  • Role of alpha-lipoic acid in vascular function: A systematic review of human intervention studies
  • Role of alpha-lipoic acid in counteracting paclitaxel- and doxorubicin-induced toxicities: a randomized controlled trial in breast cancer patients
  • Therapeutic effects of dietary antioxidative supplements on the management of type 2 diabetes and its complications; umbrella review of observational/trials meta-analysis studies

• GlucoPhenol Proprietary Blend(GlucoPhenol Proprietary Blend Note: providing)

  138 mg

  • Polyphenols(Polyphenols (Form: from Orleans Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) extract PlantPart: fruit Genus: Fragaria Species: x ananassa, and Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extract PlantPart: fruit Genus: Vaccinium Species: macrocarpon))

    25 mg

    Ingredient research · Polyphenols

    Polyphenols are a broad family of plant compounds that interact with cellular signaling, the gut microbiome, and oxidative processes. Supplements are commonly used to support cardiovascular and metabolic health, but effects depend strongly on the specific compounds, formulation, and product composition; the category itself does not represent a single, predictable intervention.

    • Supports glucose handling in adults with overweight or obesity and high cardiometabolic risk.

    Top References

    • Polyphenol-rich diets improve glucose metabolism in people at high cardiometabolic risk: a controlled randomised intervention trial

• Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract

  50 mg

• L-Carnosine

  25 mg

  Ingredient research · Carnosine

  Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide concentrated in muscle and nervous tissue, where it helps buffer acidity and reactive compounds. Its properties motivate supplementation for high-intensity exercise and healthy aging, but oral carnosine is rapidly broken down and has not shown the reliable performance effect seen when muscle carnosine is raised with beta-alanine.

  • Supports blood-glucose, insulin, and HbA1c markers.
  • Supports selected kidney-injury and albuminuria markers in diabetic nephropathy.
  • Supports selected sleep-duration, parasomnia, and total sleep-disturbance measures in autistic children.

  Top References

  • Effects of carnosine supplementation on glucose metabolism: Pilot clinical trial
  • l-Carnosine supplementation attenuated fasting glucose, triglycerides, advanced glycation end products, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.
  • The effect of 12 weeks carnosine supplementation on renal functional integrity and oxidative stress in pediatric patients with diabetic nephropathy: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial
  • Effect of Oral carnosine supplementation on urinary TGF-β in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial
  • Effects of l‐Carnosine Supplementation on Sleep Disorders and Disease Severity in Autistic Children: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

• Taurine(Taurine Note: free-form)

  1150 mg

  Ingredient research · Taurine

  Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid-like compound that helps regulate cell hydration, bile acid formation, and normal nerve and muscle function; unlike caffeine, it is not a stimulant. Supplementation may modestly support exercise performance and recovery, with possible relevance to cardiovascular and metabolic health.

  • Supports blood-pressure control.

  Top References

  • Taurine Supplementation Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Vascular Function in Prehypertension: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
  • The effects of taurine supplementation on obesity, blood pressure and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

• Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) extract(Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) extract (Form: providing 23% Epigallocatechin Gallate (Alt. Name: EGCG)) PlantPart: leaf Genus: Camellia Species: sinensis)

  50 mg

• Indian Kino Tree (Pterocarpus marsupium) extract(Indian Kino Tree (Pterocarpus marsupium) extract (Form: standardized to contain 5% Pterostilbene) PlantPart: heartwood Genus: Pterocarpus Species: marsupium)

  25 mg

• Fish Oil concentrate(Fish Oil concentrate (Form: from Anchovies, Sardines, Mackerel) Note: providing:)

  From 300 mg Eicosapentaenoic Acid

  From 200 mg Docosahexaenoic Acid

  900 mg

  Ingredient research · Fish Oil

  Fish Oil supplies EPA and DHA, omega-3 fats used in cell membranes and signaling molecules. Supplementation reliably lowers elevated triglycerides; depending on its EPA/DHA balance and individual needs, it may also help some inflammatory joint symptoms and support fetal brain and eye development during pregnancy.

  • Supports cholesterol fractions and triglyceride markers.
  • Supports systolic blood-pressure measures.
  • Supports C-reactive-protein, TNF, and related systemic-inflammation markers.

  Top References

  • Moderate fish-oil supplementation reverses low-platelet, long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid status and reduces plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in British Indo-Asians.
  • Fish Oil Supplements Lower Serum Lipids and Glucose in Correlation with a Reduction in Plasma Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 and Prostaglandin E2 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Hyperlipidemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
  • Fish Oil and Fenofibrate for the Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia in HIV-Infected Subjects on Antiretroviral Therapy: Results of ACTG A5186
  • Effects of supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognitive performance and cardiometabolic risk markers in healthy 51 to 72 years old subjects: a randomized controlled cross-over study
  • Oral fish oil supplementation raises blood omega-3 levels and lowers C-reactive protein in haemodialysis patients--a pilot study.
  • Efficacy of Fish Oil on Serum of TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 Oxidative Stress Markers in Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Interferon Beta-1b
  • Fish Oil Decreases C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Improving Nutritional Prognosis and Plasma Fatty Acid Profile in Colorectal Cancer Patients

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