Ladies' One

• Vitamin A

  From 2500 IU Vitamin A Palmitate

  From 1000 IU Beta-Carotene

  900 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin A

  Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble nutrient that enables normal vision, especially in dim light, and helps maintain immune defenses, skin and other epithelial tissues, growth, and reproduction. Supplementation can prevent or correct deficiency when intake or absorption is inadequate, benefiting visual, immune, and developmental health.

  • Supports maternal and breast-milk vitamin A status, particularly where baseline stores are low.
  • Supports hemoglobin response in some anemic or vitamin A-deficient populations, including when added to iron and folate.
  • Supports reducing bacterial-vaginosis incidence and prevalence during pregnancy and postpartum follow-up in a studied deficient setting.

  Top References

  • Efect of vitamin A suplementation: a systematic review.
  • Retinol-to-Fat Ratio and Retinol Concentration in Human Milk Show Similar Time Trends and Associations with Maternal Factors at the Population Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
  • Vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women.
  • Concomitant supplemental vitamin A enhances the response to weekly supplemental iron and folic acid in anemic teenagers in urban Bangladesh.
  • Weekly supplementation with iron and vitamin A during pregnancy increases hemoglobin concentration but decreases serum ferritin concentration in Indonesian pregnant women.
  • Maternal vitamin A and β-carotene supplementation and risk of bacterial vaginosis: a randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh.

• Vitamin C

  90 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin C

  Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble nutrient that supports collagen production, antioxidant defenses, and the normal function of immune cells. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, can improve absorption of plant-based iron, and may modestly shorten the duration of common colds when taken regularly.

  • Supports lower common-cold risk during brief periods of severe physical exercise or cold stress.
  • Supports circulating Vitamin C status across studied healthy and clinical populations.
  • Supports short-term blood-pressure and endothelial-function outcomes in studied adults.
  • Supports fasting-glucose and HbA1c outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes.

  Top References

  • Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold.
  • Effect of Dietary or Supplemental Vitamin C Intake on Vitamin C Levels in Patients with and without Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
  • High-dose vitamin C supplementation increases skeletal muscle vitamin C concentration and SVCT2 transporter expression but does not alter redox status in healthy males.
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Effect of vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effect of vitamin C on inflammation and metabolic markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults: a randomized controlled trial
  • Supplementation of Vitamin C Reduces Blood Glucose and Improves Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study

• Vitamin D3(800 IU Cholecalciferol)

  20 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin D

  Vitamin D is a hormone-like nutrient that helps the body absorb calcium and maintain healthy bones and muscle function. Supplementation can reliably prevent or correct low vitamin D status, particularly when sun exposure is limited, while broader immune, cardiovascular, and metabolic benefits are less certain.

  • Supports bone-density and fracture- or fall-related outcomes.
  • Supports muscle-strength outcomes, including lower-limb strength.
  • Supports glycemic-marker and insulin-sensitivity outcomes in studied metabolic populations.
  • Supports respiratory-infection-risk outcomes across studied age groups.

  Top References

  • Effects of combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
  • Clinical review: The effect of vitamin D on falls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Gait and Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
  • The effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle power: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • What is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in people with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails
  • The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycaemic Control in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
  • The Role of Vitamin D Oral Supplementation in Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
  • Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
  • Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials.
  • Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

• Vitamin E

  From 22.4 IU D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate

  15 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin E

  Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage and supports normal immune and nerve function. Supplementation is most useful for preventing or correcting deficiency, particularly when fat absorption is impaired; routine use has not shown broad protection against cardiovascular disease or cancer.

  • Supports improvement in liver histology in adults without diabetes who have biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
  • Supports lower CRP and malondialdehyde in studied adult populations, including people receiving hemodialysis.
  • Supports short-term improvements in fasting glucose and HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes.

  Top References

  • Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
  • The effect of vitamin E supplementation on selected inflammatory biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
  • The effects of vitamin E supplementation on malondialdehyde as a biomarker of oxidative stress in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • Effect of supplementation with tomato juice, vitamin E, and vitamin C on LDL oxidation and products of inflammatory activity in type 2 diabetes.
  • Antioxidant effects of vitamins in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

• Thiamine

  1.2 mg

  Ingredient research · Thiamine

  Thiamine is vitamin B1, an essential nutrient that helps convert carbohydrates into usable energy and supports normal nerve and heart function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, with particular relevance when absorption or intake is impaired, including in chronic heavy alcohol use.

  • Supports depression-treatment response when used alongside standard antidepressant treatment.

  Top References

  • Adjuvant thiamine improved standard treatment in patients with major depressive disorder: results from a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial

• Riboflavin

  1.3 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B2

  Vitamin B2 is riboflavin, an essential nutrient that helps enzymes release energy from food and supports normal red blood cell, skin, and nervous-system function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, and regular use can reduce migraine frequency and severity in some people.

  • Supports blood-pressure control in treated hypertensive adults with the MTHFR 677TT genotype.

  Top References

  • Riboflavin offers a targeted strategy for managing hypertension in patients with the MTHFR 677TT genotype: a 4-y follow-up.
  • Blood Pressure in Treated Hypertensive Individuals With the MTHFR 677TT Genotype Is Responsive to Intervention With Riboflavin: Findings of a Targeted Randomized Trial

• Niacin

  16 mg

  Ingredient research · Niacin

  Niacin is vitamin B3, essential for enzymes that convert food into energy and support normal skin and nervous-system function. Supplementation prevents or corrects deficiency; in high-dose nicotinic acid form it can alter cholesterol and triglycerides, but this pharmacologic use is distinct from routine nutritional supplementation.

  • Supports favorable changes in selected cholesterol fractions, including LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol, in studied metabolic and diabetes populations.
  • Supports favorable fasting-triglyceride changes in studied adults with diabetes or metabolic dysregulation.

  Top References

  • Effectiveness of niacin supplementation for patients with type 2 diabetes
  • Effect of niacin on lipids and glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials.
  • Niacin induces miR-502-3p expression which impairs insulin sensitivity in human adipocytes
  • Postprandial triglyceride responses to aerobic exercise and extended-release niacin.

• Vitamin B6

  1.7 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B6

  Vitamin B6 is an essential nutrient that helps enzymes process amino acids and supports neurotransmitter, hemoglobin, and immune function. Supplementation reliably corrects deficiency and can reduce nausea during pregnancy; outside these uses, it is most relevant when intake or absorption is inadequate.

  • Supports depressive-symptom measures in premenopausal women with hormone-related contexts.

  Top References

  • The role for vitamin B-6 as treatment for depression: a systematic review.
  • Vitamin B6 Supplementation Reduces Symptoms of Depression in College Women Taking Oral Contraceptives: A Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Trial

• Folate

  667 mcg DFE

  Ingredient research · Folate

  Folate is vitamin B9, an essential nutrient needed for DNA synthesis, cell division, and healthy red blood cell formation. Supplementation is especially important before conception and in early pregnancy because adequate folate reliably reduces neural tube defect risk, and it can also correct folate-deficiency anemia.

  • Supports homocysteine measures in women with PCOS and adults with metabolic syndrome.
  • Supports insulin and beta-cell-function markers in women with PCOS or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
  • Supports selected lipid-panel and vascular markers in women with PCOS and adults with metabolic syndrome.
  • Supports selected inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers in PCOS, metabolic syndrome, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

  Top References

  • The effects of folate supplementation on inflammatory factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
  • Metabolic response to folate supplementation in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.
  • The Effects of Folate Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Metabolic Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
  • Effects of long-term folate supplementation on metabolic status and regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

• Vitamin B12

  2.4 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B12

  Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient needed for red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and normal nerve function. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency—especially when intake or absorption is limited—and may improve anemia, fatigue, or neurologic symptoms caused by low B12, but is not a general energy booster when status is adequate.

  • Supports vitamin B12 status and responsive deficiency markers in low-status populations, including maternal and breast-milk status during pregnancy and early lactation.

  Top References

  • Studies of biomarker responses to intervention with vitamin B-12: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
  • A vitamin B-12 supplement of 500 μg/d for eight weeks does not normalize urinary methylmalonic acid or other biomarkers of vitamin B-12 status in elderly people with moderately poor vitamin B-12 status.
  • Vitamin B-12 supplementation during pregnancy and early lactation increases maternal, breast milk, and infant measures of vitamin B-12 status.

• Biotin

  30 mcg

  Ingredient research · Biotin

  Biotin is an essential B vitamin that helps enzymes process fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, but extra biotin has not been shown to improve hair, skin, or nails in most people who are not deficient, and high intakes can distort certain laboratory test results.

• Pantothenic Acid

  5 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin B5

  Vitamin B5 is an essential nutrient used to make coenzyme A, a molecule central to releasing energy from food and building and breaking down fats. Supplementation prevents or corrects deficiency, but deficiency is uncommon and taking extra pantothenic acid has no clearly established benefit for most otherwise well-nourished people.

• Calcium

  50 mg

  Ingredient research · Calcium

  Calcium is an essential mineral that gives bones and teeth their structure and also enables muscle contraction and nerve signaling. Supplements are most useful for filling inadequate intake and, often alongside vitamin D, can help preserve bone mineral density and support fracture prevention in some higher-risk groups.

  • Supports bone-mineral-density outcomes in studied healthy children and older women.

  Top References

  • Effects of calcium supplementation on bone density in healthy children: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial

• Iron

  18 mg

  Ingredient research · Iron

  Iron is an essential mineral needed to make hemoglobin and carry oxygen throughout the body. Supplementation can reliably prevent or correct iron-deficiency anemia, helping restore energy, exercise capacity, and cognitive function when low iron is the cause; it is also commonly used when requirements rise, such as during pregnancy.

  • Supports hemoglobin and iron stores in menstruating women, especially when iron status is low.
  • Supports reduced subjective fatigue in iron-deficient adults without anemia.
  • Supports selected maximal and submaximal exercise-performance measures in women of reproductive age, particularly those who are iron-deficient or trained.
  • Supports selected attention and concentration outcomes in older children and women.

  Top References

  • Daily iron supplementation for improving anaemia, iron status and health in menstruating women.
  • Efficacy of iron supplementation on fatigue and physical capacity in non-anaemic iron-deficient adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
  • Iron supplementation benefits physical performance in women of reproductive age: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • The effects of oral iron supplementation on cognition in older children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Iodine

  150 mcg

  Ingredient research · Iodine

  Iodine is an essential mineral the thyroid uses to make hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects iodine deficiency and is especially important when needs rise during pregnancy for fetal brain development, but excess intake can also disturb thyroid function.

  • Supports selected micronutrient and thyroid-status markers in iodine-deficient adults.

  Top References

  • Iodine Supplementation of Mildly Iodine-Deficient Adults Lowers Thyroglobulin: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  • Iodine Supplementation Decreases Hypercholesterolemia in Iodine-Deficient, Overweight Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

• Magnesium

  25 mg

  Ingredient research · Magnesium

  Magnesium is an essential mineral that enables normal muscle and nerve function, energy production, heart rhythm, and bone maintenance. Supplements can correct low magnesium status and, depending on the formulation, may also help with constipation, muscle cramps, or migraine prevention in some people.

• Zinc

  11 mg

  Ingredient research · Zinc

  Zinc is an essential mineral needed for hundreds of enzymes, DNA and protein synthesis, immune defense, wound healing, and normal growth. Supplementation corrects low zinc status and helps restore these functions; certain zinc lozenges may also modestly shorten a common cold when used early, though this benefit depends on the formulation.

• Selenium

  55 mcg

  Ingredient research · Selenium

  Selenium is an essential trace mineral used to make antioxidant enzymes and regulate thyroid hormone activity, linking adequate intake to thyroid, immune, and reproductive function. Supplementation can correct low selenium status, but more is not necessarily better because excessive intake can be toxic.

  • Supports selected thyroid-autoantibody and TSH markers in studied people with autoimmune thyroiditis.
  • Supports selected antioxidant-defense biomarkers in studied metabolic, cardiovascular, and selenium-status populations.
  • Supports depression-symptom measures across a small selenium-specific randomized evidence base.

  Top References

  • Selenium Supplementation Significantly Reduces Thyroid Autoantibody Levels in Patients with Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
  • Effect of selenium on thyroid autoimmunity and regulatory T cells in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: A prospective randomized‐controlled trial
  • Effect of selenium supplementation on antioxidant markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  • The effect of selenium supplementation on coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Methods of assessment of selenium status in humans: a systematic review.
  • The role of selenium in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human observational and interventional studies

• Copper

  0.9 mg

  Ingredient research · Copper

  Copper is an essential trace mineral used by enzymes that support iron metabolism, connective-tissue formation, energy production, antioxidant defense, and nervous and immune function. Supplementation can correct low copper status and related anemia or neurologic problems, but extra copper offers no established benefit when intake and status are adequate.

• Manganese

  2.3 mg

  Ingredient research · Manganese

  Manganese is an essential trace mineral that activates enzymes involved in energy metabolism, connective-tissue and bone formation, and antioxidant defense. Supplementation can restore these functions when intake is inadequate or deficiency is present, but added manganese has no clear general benefit for people who already get enough.

• Chromium

  35 mcg

  Ingredient research · Chromium

  Chromium is a trace mineral thought to assist insulin action and the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Supplements are mainly used to improve blood sugar control, though benefits are usually modest or inconsistent outside rare deficiency; the trivalent chromium in supplements is distinct from toxic industrial hexavalent chromium.

• Molybdenum

  45 mcg

  Ingredient research · Molybdenum

  Molybdenum is an essential trace mineral that serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in processing sulfites, sulfur-containing amino acids and purines. Because ordinary diets generally provide enough and deficiency is exceptionally rare, standalone supplementation has no clear practical benefit for most people, though it can restore status when intake or absorption is genuinely inadequate.

• Potassium

  5 mg

  Ingredient research · Potassium

  Potassium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve signaling, and muscle contraction, including the heartbeat. Supplementation is most useful for preventing or correcting low potassium when intake is inadequate or losses are increased, while adequate potassium intake also contributes to healthy blood pressure.

  • Supports blood-pressure control, particularly in adults with hypertension and higher sodium or lower potassium intake.
  • Supports selected vascular-function responses after high-sodium meals in healthy adults.

  Top References

  • The effect of potassium supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • Effect of sodium and potassium supplementation on vascular and endothelial function: a randomized controlled trial.
  • Postprandial effects of potassium supplementation on vascular function and blood pressure: a randomised cross-over study.

• Choline

  5 mg

  Ingredient research · Choline

  Choline is an essential nutrient used to build cell membranes, make the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and transport fat from the liver. Supplementation can help meet needs when dietary intake is low, with particular relevance during pregnancy and for supporting normal liver, muscle, and nervous-system function.

• Para-Aminobenzoic Acid

  5 mg

  Ingredient research · PABA

  PABA is a compound bacteria use to make folate, but it is not a vitamin or essential nutrient for humans. Supplements are promoted mainly for skin and hair pigmentation, including reversing gray hair, though these benefits are not established; topical PABA has also been used as a UVB-filtering sunscreen ingredient.

• Boron

  1 mg

  Ingredient research · Boron

  Boron is a trace element that may influence mineral metabolism and the actions of vitamin D and steroid hormones. Supplements are mainly considered for bone and joint health, but a distinct benefit in people with adequate diets has not been firmly established.

• Vitamin K

  20 mcg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin K

  Vitamin K is an essential fat-soluble nutrient that activates proteins needed for normal blood clotting and bone mineralization. Supplements reliably prevent or correct deficiency and may support bone health when intake or absorption is inadequate; effects beyond this, including cardiovascular benefits, are less certain and can differ between K1 and K2 forms.

• Advanced Female Health Blend

  100 mg

  • Tart Cherry fruit extract

    Ingredient research · Tart Cherry

    Tart Cherry is consumed as juice, concentrate, or extract and provides anthocyanin-rich plant compounds that may modestly reduce post-exercise muscle soreness and support recovery. It is also studied for sleep and uric-acid-related joint health, but these uses are less consistently demonstrated and can depend on the preparation.

  • Pomegranate whole fruit extract

    Ingredient research · Pomegranate

    Pomegranate is a polyphenol-rich fruit used in supplements, typically as juice concentrates or extracts, for its antioxidant and vascular effects. Pomegranate may modestly support blood pressure and blood-vessel function, with possible relevance to exercise recovery and metabolic health, though benefits depend on the preparation.

  • Garcinia Cambogia fruit rind extract

  • Red Raspberry leaf extract

    Ingredient research · Red Raspberry Leaf

    Red Raspberry Leaf is an herbal preparation made from the leaves, not the fruit, of the raspberry plant. It is traditionally used for menstrual comfort and especially during late pregnancy to prepare for labor, but a meaningful effect on labor, delivery, or pregnancy outcomes remains uncertain.

  • Cinnamon bark extract

    Ingredient research · Cinnamon Bark

    Cinnamon Bark is the dried, aromatic bark of Cinnamomum trees, supplemented mainly for its polyphenols and potential metabolic effects. It may modestly improve blood-sugar control or blood lipids in some people, but results vary by preparation; species also matters, because cassia-type cinnamon generally contains far more coumarin than Ceylon cinnamon.

    • Supports HDL, LDL, and total-cholesterol measures in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
    • Supports selected oxidative-stress and antioxidant-capacity biomarkers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

    Top References

    • Effects of cinnamon supplementation on antioxidant status and serum lipids in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

  • Cranberry fruit extract

    Ingredient research · Cranberry extract

    Cranberry extract concentrates cranberry compounds, especially proanthocyanidins, that can make it harder for certain bacteria to adhere to the urinary tract. Regular use may modestly reduce recurrent urinary tract infections in some people, but it does not treat an active infection, and effects depend on extract composition.

  • Ashwagandha root extract

    Ingredient research · Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract

    Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract is a concentrated preparation of the plant’s root, traditionally used to improve resilience to stress. It may modestly reduce perceived stress and anxiety and improve sleep, while possible benefits for exercise performance and male reproductive health are less consistent; effects can depend on extraction and standardization.

  • Rose Hips

    Ingredient research · Rose Hips

    Rose Hips are the fruits of rose plants, providing vitamin C and polyphenols in amounts that vary substantially with species and processing. Standardized rose hip powders may modestly ease osteoarthritis-related joint pain and stiffness, while broader immune or antioxidant benefits are plausible from their composition but not clearly established for the whole fruit itself.

• Organic Whole Food Vegetable Blend

  5 mg

  • Barley(organic)

    Ingredient research · Barley Grass

    Barley Grass is made from the young leaves of barley and is used as a concentrated source of chlorophyll, micronutrients, and plant compounds. It is often taken for antioxidant or metabolic support, but demonstrated human benefits are limited, and it should not be assumed to provide the fiber benefits of barley grain.

  • Cabbage(organic)

    Ingredient research · Brassica oleracea

    Brassica oleracea is the plant species that includes broccoli, cabbage, kale, and related vegetables, so the name alone does not identify a standardized supplement. Extracts are generally taken for glucosinolates and compounds such as sulforaphane, with interest in antioxidant and cellular-defense pathways, but their composition and demonstrated human benefits vary widely.

  • Parsley(organic)

    Ingredient research · Parsley

    Parsley is a culinary herb whose leaves contain flavonoids, carotenoids, and vitamins, while concentrated supplements are mainly taken for antioxidant, digestive, or traditional diuretic purposes. These preparations have little demonstrated human benefit beyond their nutrient content, and claims about “detox,” kidney, or urinary support remain speculative.

  • Chlorella(organic)

    Ingredient research · Chlorella

    Chlorella is a nutrient-dense freshwater microalga supplied as powders or tablets, providing protein, carotenoids, and varying amounts of vitamins and minerals. Studies suggest it may modestly benefit cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control, while popular detox and immune claims remain uncertain.

    • Supports total- and LDL-cholesterol responses during a dietary cholesterol challenge.

    Top References

    • A dietary cholesterol challenge study to assess Chlorella supplementation in maintaining healthy lipid levels in adults: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study

  • Spirulina(organic)

    Ingredient research · Spirulina

    Spirulina is a nutrient-dense dried cyanobacterium containing protein, iron, and antioxidant pigments such as phycocyanin. Supplementation may modestly improve blood lipids and glucose control in some people, but its broader health claims are less certain, and it should not be treated as a reliable source of vitamin B12.

    • Supports selected blood-lipid measures.
    • Supports body weight and selected waist and body-measure outcomes.
    • Supports fatigue tolerance in limited endurance-exercise settings.
    • Supports selected antioxidant and oxidative-stress biomarkers.

    Top References

    • Quantifying the effects of spirulina supplementation on plasma lipid and glucose concentrations, body weight, and blood pressure
    • The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • The effect of spirulina on type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Effects of Spirulina supplementation on obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
    • Spirulina supplementation and anthropometric indices: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of controlled clinical trials
    • The effects of Spirulina Platensis on anthropometric indices, appetite, lipid profile and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in obese individuals: a randomized double blinded placebo controlled trial
    • Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of spirulina in exercise and sport: A systematic review
    • Ergogenic and antioxidant effects of spirulina supplementation in humans.
    • Effect of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima Supplementation and a Systematic Physical Exercise Program on the Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Overweight or Obese Subjects: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and Crossover Controlled Trial
    • Effects of Spirulina supplementation in patients with ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial

  • Sea Kelp(organic)

  • Kale(organic)

    Ingredient research · Brassica oleracea

    Brassica oleracea is the plant species that includes broccoli, cabbage, kale, and related vegetables, so the name alone does not identify a standardized supplement. Extracts are generally taken for glucosinolates and compounds such as sulforaphane, with interest in antioxidant and cellular-defense pathways, but their composition and demonstrated human benefits vary widely.

  • Broccoli(organic)

    Ingredient research · Brassica oleracea

    Brassica oleracea is the plant species that includes broccoli, cabbage, kale, and related vegetables, so the name alone does not identify a standardized supplement. Extracts are generally taken for glucosinolates and compounds such as sulforaphane, with interest in antioxidant and cellular-defense pathways, but their composition and demonstrated human benefits vary widely.

  • Dandelion(organic)

    Ingredient research · Dandelion

    Dandelion is a whole botanical used in leaf- and root-based preparations, traditionally taken to increase urine flow and ease digestive complaints. Its bitter compounds and root inulin help explain interest in digestive and metabolic health, but clear clinical benefits from dandelion supplements have not been established.

  • Broccoli(organic)

    Ingredient research · Brassica oleracea

    Brassica oleracea is the plant species that includes broccoli, cabbage, kale, and related vegetables, so the name alone does not identify a standardized supplement. Extracts are generally taken for glucosinolates and compounds such as sulforaphane, with interest in antioxidant and cellular-defense pathways, but their composition and demonstrated human benefits vary widely.

  • Dulse(organic)

    Ingredient research · Dulse Extract

    Dulse Extract is a preparation of the red seaweed Palmaria palmata that may concentrate iodine, minerals, and antioxidant compounds. It is taken mainly for thyroid, antioxidant, or metabolic support, but distinct human benefits of the extract are not well established, and iodine content can vary substantially among products.

• Plant Source Digestive Enzyme Blend

  5 mg

  • Bromelain

    Ingredient research · Bromelain

    Bromelain is a mixture of protein-digesting enzymes, not a single compound, whose proteolytic activity underlies its use as a digestive aid and its proposed anti-inflammatory effects. It may modestly ease swelling and discomfort following some surgeries and may benefit joint or sinus symptoms, though effects are context-dependent.

  • Papain

    Ingredient research · Papain

    Papain is a protein-digesting enzyme from papaya latex, used in supplements to help break down dietary protein and sometimes included in enzyme blends aimed at digestive comfort. Its protease activity is clear, but evidence that oral papain alone meaningfully improves digestion or broader inflammatory complaints remains limited.

  • Amylase

    Ingredient research · Amylase

    Amylase is a digestive enzyme that breaks starches into smaller sugars for absorption. As a supplement, it is usually included in digestive-enzyme blends and may aid starch digestion when natural enzyme output is impaired, but it has little established benefit as a stand-alone aid for people with normal digestion.

  • Cellulase

    Ingredient research · Cellulase

    Cellulase is an enzyme that breaks down cellulose, the structural fiber in plant cell walls, which human digestive enzymes cannot digest. It is included in some digestive-enzyme blends to help process fibrous foods and potentially reduce related fullness or gas, but distinct benefits from cellulase supplementation remain uncertain.

  • Glucoamylase

    Ingredient research · Glucoamylase

    Glucoamylase is a digestive enzyme that clips glucose units from starch fragments, complementing amylase’s earlier breakdown of complex carbohydrates. In enzyme supplements, it is intended to improve starch digestion and reduce related post-meal discomfort, though distinct benefits in people with normal digestive function are not well established.

  • Lipase

    Ingredient research · Lipase

    Lipase is a digestive enzyme that breaks dietary fats into absorbable components. Supplemental lipase is mainly intended to aid fat digestion, particularly when enzyme output is inadequate, but over-the-counter lipase alone is not equivalent to prescription pancreatic enzyme replacement and should not be understood as a fat-burning aid.

  • Protease

    Ingredient research · Protease

    Protease refers to a broad category of peptidase enzymes that split dietary proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. In digestive-enzyme supplements, they may aid protein digestion, particularly when natural digestive capacity is impaired, but effects depend on the specific enzyme, its activity, and whether it remains active in the gut.

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