Klean Antioxidant

• Vitamin C

  125 mg

  Ingredient research · Vitamin C

  Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble nutrient that supports collagen production, antioxidant defenses, and the normal function of immune cells. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, can improve absorption of plant-based iron, and may modestly shorten the duration of common colds when taken regularly.

  • Supports lower common-cold risk during brief periods of severe physical exercise or cold stress.
  • Supports circulating Vitamin C status across studied healthy and clinical populations.
  • Supports short-term blood-pressure and endothelial-function outcomes in studied adults.
  • Supports fasting-glucose and HbA1c outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes.

  Top References

  • Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold.
  • Effect of Dietary or Supplemental Vitamin C Intake on Vitamin C Levels in Patients with and without Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
  • High-dose vitamin C supplementation increases skeletal muscle vitamin C concentration and SVCT2 transporter expression but does not alter redox status in healthy males.
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Effect of vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effects of vitamin C supplementation on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  • Effect of vitamin C on inflammation and metabolic markers in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults: a randomized controlled trial
  • Supplementation of Vitamin C Reduces Blood Glucose and Improves Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study

• Biotin

  300 mcg

  Ingredient research · Biotin

  Biotin is an essential B vitamin that helps enzymes process fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids. Supplementation reliably prevents or corrects deficiency, but extra biotin has not been shown to improve hair, skin, or nails in most people who are not deficient, and high intakes can distort certain laboratory test results.

• Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCl

  1000 mg

  Ingredient research · Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride

  Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride is a salt form that delivers acetyl-L-carnitine, a carnitine derivative involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism that can reach the brain; the hydrochloride does not confer a separate health effect. It is mainly supplemented for possible benefits to nerve function, neuropathic pain, mental fatigue, and mood, while cognitive benefits in healthy people remain uncertain.

• Alpha Lipoic Acid

  400 mg

  Ingredient research · Alpha-Lipoic Acid

  Alpha-Lipoic Acid is a sulfur-containing compound that helps mitochondrial enzymes turn nutrients into energy and can also regenerate antioxidants. As a supplement, it may ease pain, burning, or numbness from diabetic peripheral neuropathy, while proposed benefits for blood sugar control and other oxidative-stress-related conditions are less certain.

  • Supports selected glucose, HbA1c, and fasting-insulin markers, especially in adults with metabolic conditions.
  • Supports total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride markers in adults.
  • Supports body-weight, body-mass-index, and waist-circumference measures in adults.
  • Supports endothelial-function and blood-flow measures in adults with vascular or metabolic risk.
  • Supports selected peripheral-neuropathy symptoms in adults receiving paclitaxel or living with diabetic neuropathy.

  Top References

  • The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on glucose control and lipid profiles among patients with metabolic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the effects of α-lipoic acid supplementation on glycemic markers in adults.
  • Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation effect on glycemic and inflammatory biomarkers: A Systematic Review and meta- analysis.
  • Effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.
  • Alpha-lipoic acid supplement in obesity treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
  • Role of alpha-lipoic acid in vascular function: A systematic review of human intervention studies
  • Role of alpha-lipoic acid in counteracting paclitaxel- and doxorubicin-induced toxicities: a randomized controlled trial in breast cancer patients
  • Therapeutic effects of dietary antioxidative supplements on the management of type 2 diabetes and its complications; umbrella review of observational/trials meta-analysis studies

• Maqui

  100 mg

• Astaxanthin

  2 mg

  Ingredient research · Astaxanthin

  Astaxanthin is a red carotenoid pigment with antioxidant properties that, unlike some carotenoids, is not converted into vitamin A. Supplements may modestly support skin hydration and resilience to UV-related stress, while possible benefits for exercise recovery, eye health, and cardiometabolic health remain less certain.

  • Supports cycling time-trial performance and power output.
  • Supports oxidative-stress and antioxidant-defense markers.
  • Supports oocyte-maturity and embryo-quality outcomes during assisted reproduction.

  Top References

  • Effect of Astaxanthin on Cycling Time Trial Performance
  • The effect of astaxanthin supplementation on performance and fat oxidation during a 40 km cycling time trial.
  • Effects of Astaxanthin on Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Adults
  • Astaxanthin improves assisted reproductive technology outcomes in poor ovarian responders through alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis: a randomized clinical trial
  • Randomized controlled trial of astaxanthin impacts on antioxidant status and assisted reproductive technology outcomes in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

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