Research paper
The incidence of acute respiratory infection in Indonesian infants and association with vitamin D deficiency
Study answer
What this study found
Incidence: all ARI 3.89 per child-year; pneumonia 0.25 per child-year. Vitamin D deficiency at birth was common (cord blood deficient in 90% of analyzable samples; 308/344). Vitamin D deficiency at birth associated with more frequent ARI non-pneumonia episodes (adjusted OR 4.48; 95% CI 1.04-19.34). Vitamin D status at birth or at six months not associated with pneumonia incidence. Maternal sun exposure during pregnancy tended to reduce ARI and pneumonia risk in infants. Infants with vitamin D deficiency at birth had higher odds of six or more ARI non-pneumonia episodes (adjusted OR 4.48; 95%…
- Study & population
- Prospective, community-based birth cohort in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
- Key limitation
- Observational design with potential confounding; possible under-ascertainment or misclassification of pneumonia; incomplete vitamin D biomarker data (cord blood available for 344/422; six-month venous samples for 255/422); limited generalizability to other settings.
View source
Open PDFOriginal abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in early life, but this has not been evaluated in Indonesia. We aimed to determine the incidence of ARI in Indonesian infants, and to evaluate the association …