The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes

Study answer

What this study found

Vitamin D plus omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation improved several inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and was associated with fewer newborn complications in women with gestational diabetes. Compared with the other groups, co-supplementation reduced hs-CRP by -2.0 ± 3.3 mg/L, MDA by -0.5 ± 0.5 μmol/L, and increased TAC by +92.1 ± 70.1 mmol/L and GSH by +95.7 ± 86.7 μmol/L; all were statistically significant. It also lowered newborn hyperbilirubinemia and hospitalization to 10.0% and 10.0%, respectively, versus 33.3% and 33.3% in the omega-3 arm, with between-group P = 0.037 for…

Study & population

Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus aged 18 to 40 years at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation, conducted in Ardabil, Iran from September 2016 to March 2017.

Intervention

Women with gestational diabetes were assigned to vitamin D 50,000 IU by capsule every 2 weeks for 6 weeks, omega-3 fatty acids 1000 mg by capsule twice daily for 6 weeks, or both regimens together for 6 weeks.

Key limitation

Small per-arm sample size and short 6-week intervention limit certainty about durability and clinical impact.

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Original abstract