The effects of probiotics supplementation on metabolic health in pregnant women: An evidence based meta-analysis
What this study found
Overall, probiotics during pregnancy were associated with better glucose metabolism, with several trials reporting lower fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, or improved QUICKI in healthy and GDM pregnancies. Notable study-level findings included reduced plasma glucose and improved insulin sensitivity in one healthy-pregnancy trial (P = 0.025 and P = 0.028), reduced GDM frequency in another healthy-pregnancy trial (P = 0.03), and improvements in fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and related markers in multiple GDM trials. Lipid effects were inconsistent: some GDM studies reported lower…
- Study & population
- Evidence-based meta-analysis of probiotic supplementation studies in pregnant women, including healthy pregnancies, women with overweight or obesity, and women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
- Intervention
- Pregnant participants received oral probiotic supplements containing various Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, including L.
- Key limitation
- The evidence base was small and heterogeneous, with different probiotic strains, doses, start times, and treatment durations across studies.
View source
Open PDFOriginal abstract
The prevalence of maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing rapidly. Probiotics supplementation have been shown to improve metabolic health in humans. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics supplementation on metabolic health and pregnancy complications in pregnant women. The literature search, data extraction and quality assessment were performed, and data were synthesized in accordance with standardized guidelines. Ten randomized clinical trials with eligible data were included in our meta-analysis. For pregnant women with GDM, we found negative correlations between probiotics supplementation and fasting serum insulin (OR -2.94, 95%CI [-5.69, -0.20], p = 0.04) and homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (OR -0.65, 95%CI [-1.18, -0.11], p = 0.02). There were no significant correlations between probiotics supplementation and lipid levels in women with GDM, including total cholesterol (OR -2.72, 95%CI [-17.18, 11.74], P = 0.71), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (OR -0.29, 95%CI [-3.60, 3.03], P = 0.87), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (OR -0.38, 95%CI [-18.54, 17.79], P = 0.97), or triglycerides (OR -12.83, 95%CI [-36.63, 10.97], P = 0.29). For healthy pregnant women, probiotics supplementation were negatively associated with fasting serum insulin (OR -3.76, 95%CI [-4.29, -3.23], P < 0.00001) and HOMA-IR (OR -0.57, 95%CI [-1.08, -0.06], p = 0.03). However, no significant correlations were observed between probiotics supplementation and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (OR -2.02, 95%CI [-5.56, 1.52], p = 0.26). Thus, our study revealed that probiotics supplementation during pregnancy have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism, rather than lipid metabolism among pregnant women.