Prevalence and severity of vitamin D deficiency in patients with diabetic foot infection

British Journal of Nutrition
Q1
Apr 2012
Citations:69
Influential Citations:3
Observational Studies (Human)
83
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Methods
Observational case-control study at Banaras Hindu University, India. 289 adults with diabetes mellitus: 125 cases (diabetic foot infection) and 164 controls (diabetes without infection). Data collected: age, sex, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, BMI. Serum 25(OH)D measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Enrollment occurred over 1 year.
Results
25(OH)D lower in cases: 40.3 vs 50.8 nmol/L (P<0.001). Vitamin D inadequacy (<75 nmol/L) present in 87.4% of cases and 82.6% of controls (not significant, OR 1.45; P=0.32). Severe deficiency (<25 nmol/L) more common in cases (46.4% vs 17.6%), OR 4.0 (95% CI 2.4–6.9; P<0.0001). After adjusting for age, diabetes duration, and HbA1c, the association persisted. Age, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c were higher in cases. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent and severe in diabetics with foot infection; supplementation may be considered to potentially improve outcomes, though causality is not established and further research is needed.
Limitations
Observational, case-control design; single-center hospital-based sample; potential residual confounding (sun exposure, mobility) despite adjustments; vitamin D status measured at a single time point; no direct assessment of immunological parameters; no interventional data; cannot establish causality.

Abstract

The aim of the present research was to study the prevalence and severity of vitamin D deficiency in patients with diabetic foot infection. Patients were enrolled in two groups: diabetic patients with foot infection (n 125) as cases and diabetic patie...