Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation Modifies Plasma Levels of Tissue Inhibitor of Metallopeptidase 1 in Women with Breast Cancer

Antioxidants
Q1
Sep 2019
Citations:15
Influential Citations:0
Interventional (Human) Studies
39
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Methods
Randomized placebo-controlled study in 40 women with breast cancer in Spain, with 20 participants in the hydroxytyrosol arm and 20 in the placebo arm. The population had luminal A or luminal B disease and was receiving neoadjuvant epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by taxanes.
Intervention
Hydroxytyrosol was given as a 15 mg/day oral hard capsule during neoadjuvant chemotherapy, continuing until the pre-surgery assessment period. The active regimen was compared with placebo in a 1:1 randomized design.
Results
Hydroxytyrosol supplementation reduced plasma TIMP-1 during chemotherapy, suggesting a potentially favorable biologic effect, but it did not change MMP-9 versus placebo. In the hydroxytyrosol group, TIMP-1 fell from 194.94 ± 12.95 ng/mL at T1 to 152.93 ± 12.99 ng/mL at T2 and 152.98 ± 11.89 ng/mL at T3; the placebo group also declined, but less consistently, from 217.21 ± 18.93 ng/mL at T1 to 177.31 ± 20.30 ng/mL at T2 and 164.77 ± 12.52 ng/mL at T3. MMP-9 showed no significant between-group differences at T1, T2, or T3. No adverse reactions were attributed to the capsules.
Limitations
Small sample size with only 20 participants per arm limits precision and subgroup inference. Follow-up was short and focused on biomarker changes rather than clinical endpoints such as pathologic response, recurrence, or survival. Generalizability is limited to women with luminal breast cancer receiving a specific neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen in one Spanish center.

Abstract

The etiology of breast cancer can be very different. Most antineoplastic drugs are not selective against tumor cells and also affect normal cells, leading to a wide variety of adverse reactions such as the production of free radicals by altering the ...