Effects of Capsicum annuum supplementation on the components of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study answer

What this study found

Capsicum annuum supplementation significantly lowered LDL-cholesterol and showed a marginal effect on body weight. No significant effects were observed for total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, or blood pressure. Across 11 studies, the evidence suggests a limited but potentially favorable lipid effect, with no consistent benefit on other metabolic syndrome components. The authors concluded that larger, better-designed trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.

Study & population

Systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 studies including 609 adults aged 18 years or older from the United States, Korea, Japan, Australia, and China.

Intervention

Capsicum annuum supplementation was tested in multiple formulations, including capsaicinoids, capsinoids, dihydrocapsiate, fermented red pepper paste, red pepper capsules, chili powder, and freshly chopped chili.

Key limitation

The evidence base was small, with only 11 studies and 609 participants overall.

View full study detailsView sourceOpen PDF

Original abstract