Effect of a Personalized Diet to Reduce Postprandial Glycemic Response vs a Low-fat Diet on Weight Loss in Adults With Abnormal Glucose Metabolism and Obesity

Study answer

What this study found

Weight change at 6 months: standardized group −4.31% (95% CI −5.37 to −3.24); personalized group −3.26% (95% CI −4.25 to −2.26); between-group difference 1.05% (95% CI −0.40 to 2.50; P = .16). From 4 to 6 months, standardized group achieved greater weight loss than personalized by 1.66% (95% CI 0.13 to 3.18; P = .03). No significant between-group differences in fat mass, fat percentage, fat-free mass, respiratory quotient, or adaptive thermogenesis; resting energy expenditure declined more in the standardized group (−92.3 kcal/d difference; 95% CI 0.9 to 183.8; P = .05). Adherence to…

Study & population

Design: randomized, two-phase, parallel-group clinical trial conducted at NYU Langone Health.

Intervention

Personalized diet estimated postprandial glycemic response (PPGR) to meals using a machine-learning algorithm that integrated anthropometrics, HbA1c, lifestyle data, and gut microbiome; Standardized low-fat diet with fat <25% of total energy.

Key limitation

COVID-19 disruptions reduced data collection and follow-up, with some secondary outcomes missing and 12-month measurements not uniformly performed.

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Original abstract