Changes of body composition and circulating neopterin, omentin‐1, and chemerin in response to thylakoid‐rich spinach extract with a hypocaloric diet in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial
Abstract
This trial evaluated the effects of thylakoid‐rich spinach extract supplementation combined with a hypocaloric diet on body composition and serum levels of neopterin, chemerin, and omentin‐1 in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In th...
This trial evaluated the effects of thylakoid‐rich spinach extract supplementation combined with a hypocaloric diet on body composition and serum levels of neopterin, chemerin, and omentin‐1 in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this randomized controlled trial, 48 obese women with PCOS, aged 20–45 years old, were recruited and randomly divided into thylakoid (n = 24) and placebo (n = 24) groups. They received a low‐calorie diet with 5 g/day thylakoid‐rich spinach extract or a low‐calorie diet with 5 g/day placebo for 12 weeks. The mean age of the participants of the thylakoid group was 31.86 years, and the placebo group was 32.04 years. Thylakoid‐rich spinach extract supplementation with a low‐calorie diet increased serum levels of omentin‐1 (10.90 vs. 3.87 ng/L; p < .001) and decreased fat mass (−5.19 vs. −1.35 kg; p < .001) and serum levels of neopterin (−0.66 vs. −0.38 nmol/L; p = .003) and chemerin (−41.24 vs. −11.26 ng/L; p < .001) in the thylakoid group compared to the placebo group. A significant improvement in omentin‐1, chemerin, and neopterin by thylakoid‐rich spinach extract supplementation was under the influence of weight change and insulin resistance status throughout the study. A significant decrease in the other anthropometric indices and insulin resistance was also observed in the thylakoid group, compared to the placebo group (p < .001, for all parameters). Thylakoid‐rich spinach extract combined with a low‐calorie diet increased circulating omentin‐1 and decreased fat mass, abdominal obesity, as well as circulating chemerin, neopterin, and insulin in obese women with PCOS.