Research paper
Association of vitamin D with HIV infected individuals, TB infected individuals, and HIV-TB co-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Study answer
What this study found
Vitamin D supplementation did not show clear clinical benefit for HIV-, TB-, or HIV-TB-related outcomes. In HIV, CD4 count and HIV viral load did not improve significantly; in TB, time to sputum smear conversion, time to culture conversion, relapse, and death were not significantly different. In HIV-TB, mortality was not significantly reduced (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.34-1.67; p = 0.52; I2 = 60%). Across the observational comparisons, vitamin D levels were not significantly different among HIV, TB, and HIV-TB groups, although vitamin D deficiency was more common in the HIV-TB group than in the HIV…
- Study & population
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of adults with HIV infection, active tuberculosis, or HIV-TB co-infection, drawing on cohort, cross-sectional, and randomized trials from multiple countries.
- Intervention
- Included randomized trials evaluated vitamin D supplementation in several regimens: cholecalciferol 100,000 IU at inclusion and again at 5 and 8 months in HIV-TB participants; 50,000 IU at randomization, 2000 IU at week 4, then once weekly in HIV participants; four doses of 2.5 mg at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6 in one TB…
- Key limitation
- The evidence base was heterogeneous, combining observational studies and randomized trials across different countries, populations, assays, and supplementation schedules.
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Open PDFOriginal abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a worldwide disease. VDD is also associated with an increased risk of HIV-related comorbidities and mortality, and patients have a tendency to develop active tuberculosis compared to those with latent tubercul…